Pola Kalimat(Sentence Pattern)

Well, kita jelaskan dulu pengertian kalimat itu apa? oke….., Lanjutkan membacanya..
Kalimat (sentence) adalah susunan kata yang mengekspresikan gagasan/ide dengan lengkap/jelas yang terdiri dari subject dan predicate. Dalam suatu kalimat (sentence), predicate –nya selalu terdapat kata kerja (verb). Jadi dengan kata lain, dapat dikatakan bahwa Sentence (kalimat) harus tersusun setidaknya dengan adanya subject (subjek) dan verb (kata kerja).

Ada orang juga yang mendefinisikan bahwa Sentence (kalimat) adalah susunan kata yang diawali dengan huruf besar/kapital (capital letter) dan di akhiri dengan tanda baca titik (full stop/ period), tanda tanya (question mark) atau tanda seru (exclamation point).
Namun, satu hal yang perlu kita ketahui adalah pola struktur dasar kalimat dalam bahasa Inggris hanya sebatas hanya sebatas subject, verb, object, complement dan adverbial. Selebihnya, pola struktur kalimat adalah dependent clause yang diawali dengan kata sambung (conjunction). Untuk lebih jelasnya lihat gambar berikut ini :

Dari gambar di atas, jelas sebenarnya sangat mudah menentukan pola kalimat bahasa inggris. Kita hanya perlu memahami subject, verb, object dan conjunction.
Jenis-jenis Kalimat:
Contoh Kalimat Pernyataan
(Statements/Declarative Sentence)

• I go to Jakarta City.

• Dina speaks English fluently.

• I didn't go to Jakarta yesterday

• Dina doesn't speak English fluently.

Contoh Kalimat Pertanyaan (Questions/Interrogative Sentence)

• Did you go to Jakarta yesterday?

• Does Dina speak English fluently?

• Didn't you go to Jakarta yesterday?

• Doesn't Dina speak English fluently?

Contoh Kalimat Perintah (Commands/Imperative Sentence)

• Go to Jakarta tomorrow!

• Speak English fluently!

• Don't go to Jakarta!

• Don't speak English!

Contoh Kalimat Seruan (Exclamations)

• How great this city is.

• What a big risk they have.

Contoh Kalimat Sederhanda (Simple Sentence)

• Dina teaches English in a course.

• Dina doesn't teach English in a course.

• Dina went shopping yesterday.

• Dina don't go shopping yesterday.

Contoh Kalimat Majemuk Setara (Compound Sentence)

• Dina and Ahmad speak English. [asal kalimat : Dina speaks English and Ahmad speaks English]

• Dina speaks English and Anwar speaks Sundanese

• Dina speaks English but she do not speak Sundanese

• Dina speaks English for she has ever lived in London.

Contoh Kalimat Majemuk Bertingkat (Complex Sentence)

• I can speak English because I always practice it with my friends.

• When I went to Jakarta, I visited many places.

• Dina can read English novel although she is still young.

• After Rio had breakfast, he went to school.

Contoh Kalimat Majemuk Setara & Bertingkat (Compound-complex Sentence)

• Andi writes English novel marvelously and he continues writing it although he never has a writing course.

• Because Andi is a novelist, he can understand how to write a good novel and he knows where to start writing it.

Demikianlah pembahasan kita kali ini. Semoga bisa membantu dalam memahami kalimat bahasa inggris.